Units 1 – 9
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Classification, types of formulae, functional groups, and IUPAC nomenclature.
Alkanes
Nomenclature, structural isomerism, occurrence in petroleum, preparation, properties, and combustion.
Alkenes and Alkynes
Structure, nomenclature, isomerism, electrophilic addition, and Markovnikov's rule.
Halogenoalkanes
Classification, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, uses, and CFCs.
Alcohols and Ethers
Nomenclature, classification, fermentation, oxidation, esterification, and dehydration.
Aldehydes and Ketones
Nomenclature, isomerism, nucleophilic addition, oxidation tests, and preparation.
Carboxylic Acids & Acyl Chlorides
Acidity, preparation, reactions, and uses of acyl chlorides.
Esters, Anhydrides, Amides & Nitriles
Structure, preparation, saponification, and detergents.
Amines and Amino Acids
Nomenclature, basicity, reactions, optical isomers, and peptide bonds.
Units 10 – 15
Phase Diagrams
Phase equilibrium, homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria, and applications.
Solutions and Titration
Standard solutions, redox titrations, back titration, and atomic masses.
Conductivity of Solutions
Conductance, molar conductivity, Kohlrausch's law, and applications.
Electrolysis
Electrolytic cells, Faraday's Laws, factors affecting discharge, and applications.
Enthalpy Changes
Standard enthalpies, Hess's law, Born-Haber cycle, lattice and bond enthalpies.
Entropy and Free Energy
Entropy, Gibbs free energy, and feasibility of reactions.